Conditional sentences are used to express a condition and its result. There are several types of conditional sentences in English, each with its own structure and usage. Here are some rules to keep in mind when using conditional sentences:

Zero Conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses a general truth or a fact. It uses the present tense in both the if-clause and the main clause.

Structure:

If + present tense, present tense.

Example:

1. If it rains, the streets get wet.
2. If you heat ice, it melts.
3. If I don't eat breakfast, I feel hungry later.
4. If you don't exercise regularly, you can become unfit.
5. If the sun shines, the flowers bloom.
6. If you add salt to water, it boils faster.
7. If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep at night.
8. If you squeeze a lemon, juice comes out.
9. If you touch fire, you get burned.
10. If the temperature drops, water freezes.

Complete the sentence by adding a result in the following:

1. If you don't exercise regularly,………….
2. If you eat too much junk, ……………
3. If you tease the dog,…………….
4. If it rains,……………
5. If you boil water, ………..
6. If you touch fire,…………

 

First Conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses a real or possible condition in the present or future. It uses the present tense in the if-clause and the future tense (with "will") in the main clause.

Structure:

If + present tense, will + base verb.

Example:

1. If I have time, I will go to the gym.
2. If it rains tomorrow, I'll take an umbrella to work.
3. If she passes the test, she'll be very happy.
4. If we hurry, we'll catch the last train.
5. If he doesn't study hard, he'll fail the exam.
6. If they arrive early, we'll have time for a coffee before the movie.
7. If you come to the party, I'll introduce you to my friends.
8. If I have enough money, I'll buy a new car.
9. If the weather is nice, we'll go to the beach.
10. If they finish the project on time, they'll get a bonus.
11. If I don't forget, I'll call you tomorrow.

Complete the sentence by adding a result in the following:

1. If she works hard, ……….
2. If you come to the party,…………
3. If she passes the test,………..
4. If they finish the project on time,…………..
5. If they arrive early,………….
6. If it rains tomorrow,……….
7. If I have enough money,………….

Second Conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses an unreal or hypothetical condition in the present or future. It uses the past tense in the if-clause and "would" (or "could" or "might") plus the base verb in the main clause.

Structure:

If + past tense, would/could/might + base verb.

Example:

1. If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.
2. If I had a million dollars, I would buy a house by the beach.
3. If she knew how to swim, she would go to the pool more often.
4. If we didn't have to work tomorrow, we would go on a road trip.
5. If he spoke Spanish, he would be able to communicate better with his clients.
6. If they had a car, they would travel more.
7. If you were hungry, I would make you a sandwich.
8. If I didn't have to study, I would watch a movie tonight.
9. If the restaurant served vegetarian food, I would eat there more often.
10. If they lived closer, we would visit them more frequently.
11. If it wasn't so hot outside, we would go for a walk.

The sentences express a hypothetical situation that is unlikely or impossible to happen in the present, and the result that would happen if the condition were met.

Complete the sentence by adding a result in the following:

1. If they had a car,…………..
2. If I were you,……….
3. If you were hungry,……
4. If he spoke English,……….
5. If she knew how to fly,………
6. If I had a million dollars

Third Conditional: This type of conditional sentence expresses an unreal or hypothetical condition in the past. It uses the past perfect tense in the if-clause and "would have" plus the past participle in the main clause.

Structure:

If + past perfect, would have + past participle.

Example:

1. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
2. If she had gone to bed earlier, she wouldn't have been so tired.
3. If we had taken the other route, we wouldn't have been stuck in traffic.
4. If he had listened to my advice, he wouldn't be in this situation.
5. If they had arrived earlier, they would have caught the beginning of the concert.
6. If you had asked for help, I would have been happy to assist you.
7. If I had known it was your birthday, I would have brought a gift.
8. If they had saved more money, they would have been able to buy a house.
9. If I had seen the warning signs, I would have avoided the accident.
10. If it had rained yesterday, the streets would have been flooded.

In each of these sentences, the condition is in the past perfect tense and the result is in the conditional perfect tense (would have + past participle). The sentences express a hypothetical situation that did not happen in the past, and the result that would have happened if the condition had been met.

Complete the sentence by adding a result in the following:

1. If you had asked for help,……….
2. If it had rained yesterday,……….
3. If they had arrived earlier,……….
4. If she had gone to bed earlier,……
5. If he had listened to my advice,………
6. If they had saved more money,……..