The term ‘novel’ literally means ‘new’. It is for this reason that it is difficult to define the novel. It continues to assume new and therefore different forms in the hands of different novelists. In fact, the novel as a literary genre has the loosest form. In this way it is quite different from poetry and drama. Therefore, we can define a novel only in the most general terms. We can say that a novel is a piece of prose fiction of a certain length, portraying characters and situations that often seem to be life-like.

Let us examine the different elements of this definition.

1) A novel is basically a form of prose, but you will find that there are several novels that can be termed ‘poetic’ because of the way the language is used. In fact, a recent novel by Vikram Seth (1952) called ‘The Golden Gate’ (1986) is written completely in verse.

2) A novel is also a piece of fiction, that is, a novel usually tells a fictitious story. Even though the story is fictitious, it seems true to life.

3) It is rather difficult to determine the length of a novel exactly but E.M. Forster (1879- 1970) in his short book ‘Aspects of the Novel’ (1928) has suggested a minimum length of about 50,000 words. Anything shorter than this would be called a novella, which is longer than a long short story. A novella thus is somewhere between a short story and a novel in length.

4) A great novel is true not because it gives accurate details about real-life people and society. It is true because it gives a sincere, coherent and well-observed picture of life and human relationships in their varied aspects. A novel may present a fantasy but even that would have some relevance to life.

Here are a few definitions of a novel from literary scholars and writers:

‘A novel is a large canvas upon which the author can paint his or her world, tell a story, or explore complex ideas.’ - Salman Rushdie

‘A novel is a fictional work that invites readers to inhabit another world, to experience life through the eyes of characters, and to engage with the author’s exploration of human experiences and themes.’ - David Lodge

‘A novel is a mirror carried along a high road. At one moment it reflects to your vision the azure skies at another the mire of the puddles at your feet.’ - Gustave Flaubert

‘A novel is a lengthy prose narrative in which the author tells the story of characters who undergo a series of events and face various challenges, allowing the reader to witness their growth and transformation.’ - Margaret Atwood

WHY DO WE READ NOVELS?

People read novels for various reasons, and the motivations can differ from person to person. Here are some common reasons why people read novels:

Entertainment: One of the primary reasons people read novels is for enjoyment and entertainment. Novels often offer engaging stories, intriguing plots, and compelling characters that capture readers’ imaginations and provide a form of escapism from their daily lives.

Emotional Connection: Novels have the power to evoke strong emotions in readers. They can make us laugh, cry, feel empathy, or experience a range of other emotions. Many readers seek novels that resonate with their own experiences or touch upon universal themes that allow them to connect with the characters and their journeys on an emotional level.

Exploration and Imagination: Reading novels allows readers to explore different worlds, cultures, time periods, and perspectives. It broadens their horizons and expands their knowledge and understanding of diverse subjects. Novels also stimulate readers’ imaginations, encouraging them to envision vivid settings and scenarios beyond their own realities.

Intellectual Stimulation: Novels often delve into complex ideas, philosophical questions, social issues, and moral dilemmas. Reading novels can challenge readers intellectually, provoking critical thinking and promoting deeper contemplation of various themes and concepts.

Empathy and Understanding: Novels provide a window into the lives and experiences of different characters. By immersing themselves in the stories and perspectives of diverse individuals, readers can develop empathy and understanding for people from different backgrounds, cultures, and circumstances. Novels can foster compassion and promote a more inclusive and empathetic worldview.

Escaping Loneliness: For some readers, novels serve as companions and offer solace. They can provide a sense of connection and companionship, especially during times of loneliness or isolation. Getting lost in a novel’s world can provide comfort and make readers feel less alone.

Personal Growth and Reflection: Novels often explore profound themes and character development. By following the journeys of fictional characters, readers can reflect on their own lives, beliefs, values, and choices. Novels can offer insights, inspire personal growth, and encourage self-reflection.

These reasons demonstrate the diverse ways in which novels enrich readers’ lives, whether through enjoyment, emotional connection, exploration, intellectual stimulation, empathy, companionship, or personal growth. Ultimately, the love for reading novels is deeply personal and can vary from person to person.