Conflict in drama
refers to the central struggle or tension that drives the plot and character
interactions within a play. It’s a fundamental element that creates drama,
propels the story forward, and engages the audience. Conflict can arise from
various sources and takes different forms, providing the characters with
challenges and obstacles to overcome.
There are typically
four main types of conflict found in drama:
Character vs. Character
This is a conflict that
occurs between two or more characters within the story. It can involve
disagreements, clashes of personalities, or opposing goals. The interactions
between characters often lead to dramatic tension and development of the plot.
For example, in Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ the feud between the Montague
and Capulet families creates a character vs. character conflict that shapes the
tragic outcome.
Character vs. Self
This type of conflict
involves a character’s internal struggle, often driven by emotions, doubts, or
conflicting desires. The character faces decisions or moral dilemmas that
challenge their values, beliefs, or identity. The conflict is typically
depicted through the character’s thoughts, emotions, and introspection. For
instance, in Arthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ the protagonist Willy Loman
experiences a character vs. self conflict as he grapples with his sense of
self-worth and his perceptions of success.
Character vs. Society
In this form of
conflict, a character is at odds with societal norms, rules, or expectations.
The character’s actions, beliefs, or identity might clash with the established
order, leading to tension with the larger community. This type of conflict
often highlights broader social issues and critiques societal structures. An
example is George Orwell’s ‘1984’ where the protagonist Winston Smith rebels
against the totalitarian regime he lives under.
Character vs.
Nature/Environment
This type of conflict
involves a character’s struggle against natural forces, circumstances, or
external elements. The character might be facing survival challenges, extreme
conditions, or uncontrollable events. In plays like ‘The Tempest’ by William
Shakespeare, the characters contend with the forces of nature as they navigate
a deserted island.
Effective use of
conflict in drama creates intrigue, emotional engagement, and character
development. The resolution of conflicts can lead to character growth,
revelation of deeper truths, and changes in the characters’ circumstances.
Conflict serves as a driving force that compels characters to take action, make
choices, and evolve over the course of the play.