A domestic novel is a genre of literature that focuses on the everyday lives, experiences, and concerns of characters within a domestic setting, usually a home or family environment. These novels often explore interpersonal relationships, social dynamics, and the challenges and joys of ordinary life. Domestic novels are closely connected to realism, as they aim to portray the mundane aspects of life with a high degree of accuracy and detail.

Characteristics of domestic novel:

1. Focus on Everyday Life: Domestic novels center around the mundane activities and interactions of characters within a domestic setting. They explore the ordinary challenges, routines, and emotions of everyday life.

2. Realism: These novels strive for a realistic portrayal of human behavior, social norms, and the domestic environment. The characters and situations are often relatable and recognizable to readers.

3. Character Development: Domestic novels typically delve deeply into the psychological and emotional development of characters. Readers witness their growth, struggles, and personal transformations over time.

4. Interpersonal Relationships: The novels often explore various relationships within families, marriages, friendships, and social circles. These relationships are a significant focus of the narrative.

5. Social Commentary: Domestic novels often provide commentary on social issues, such as gender roles, class distinctions, and cultural norms. By portraying the everyday experiences of characters, they can shed light on larger societal concerns.

6. Interiority and Psychology: These novels frequently delve into characters' internal thoughts, emotions, and motivations. This emphasis on interiority contributes to a deeper understanding of the characters' experiences.

7. Domestic Settings: The majority of the story takes place in domestic environments, such as homes, households, and neighborhoods. These settings contribute to the sense of intimacy and familiarity.

8. Emotional Depth: Domestic novels often evoke strong emotions in readers by portraying relatable human experiences, such as love, loss, joy, and sorrow.

Examples of domestic novels:

1. ‘Pride and Prejudice’ by Jane Austen: This classic novel explores the romantic relationships and social interactions of the Bennet family, focusing on the headstrong Elizabeth Bennet and her interactions with the enigmatic Mr. Darcy.

2. ‘Middlemarch’ by George Eliot: Set in a provincial town, this novel examines the lives and relationships of several characters as they navigate societal expectations, marriage, and personal aspirations.

3. ‘Little Women’ by Louisa May Alcott: This novel follows the lives of the four March sisters as they grow up and face challenges, joys, and sorrows together in the midst of the American Civil War.

4. ‘The Age of Innocence’ by Edith Wharton: Set in New York in the late 19th century, this novel explores the complexities of social conventions, love, and desire within the upper-class society.

5. ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ by Harper Lee: While often categorized as a coming-of-age novel, "To Kill a Mockingbird" also has strong domestic novel elements as it portrays the Finch family and their interactions with their community in the racially charged setting of the American South.

These novels capture the intricacies of human relationships, societal norms, and the various challenges and joys of everyday life, making them insightful reflections of the domestic sphere.